All electrical items in the home should have a plug top fitted with the appropriate fuse rating, the load (amps) of electrical equipment and appliances can be calculated thus :-
WATTS ÷ VOLTS = AMPS
1 KILOWATT = 1000 WATTS VOLTS = 240v
So if you have a 240 volt heater rated at 3 KW (3000 watts) it will have a load of 12·5 amps, therefore it requires a fuse rated at 13 amps.
The problem in most homes is that if a replacement plug top is fitted to an electrical item it will more than likely be fitted with a 13 amp fuse, regardless of what the wattage is.
The one item in the house that is usually fused incorrectly is the table / bedside lamp, it probably has a lamp of no more than 60 watts so has a load of 0·25 amps and could be fitted with a 13 amp fuse, if the lamp develops a fault there’s a good chance the cable will melt before the fuse blows and could even cause an electrical fire. So fit the lowest rated fuse available either 2 or 3 amp.
- Fit a fuse that is rated correctly for the electrical item it is protecting
- Kettle 13 amp
- Table lamp 3 amp
- Hi-fi system 5 amp
- 3 kw heater 13 amp, 2 kw heater 10 amp
- Radio 2 or 3 amp
- 500 watt – 3 amp,1kw – 5 amp, 2 kw – 10 amp, 3 kw – 13 amp
Fortunately, the majority of household electrical items bought today are fitted with a moulded plug and the correct rated fuse, but it is worth having a selection of different rated fuses at home, then at least when they need replacing you have a suitable fuse available.
Always check connections are correct and tight if you have to replace a plug top.
The following are colours used to identify conductors in a 3 core flex.
- BROWN = LIVE
- BLUE = NEUTRAL
- GREEN/YELLOW = EARTH